Microfluidic systems are employed for precise control of reactions, separation, storage, and mixing of fluids (typically) containing biological materials such as cells and drugs at small scales (less than a droplet). The performance of these systems at small scales offers advantages such as minimal sample consumption, shorter result reporting times, lower costs, reduced energy consumption, safety, and portability. Notable points about microfluidic systems include the fact that due to their small geometry and dimensions, the Reynolds number decreases, and fluids in these systems generally exhibit gentle and laminar motion. In larger volume systems, fluid motion is accompanied by turbulence, an undesirable and complex factor that complicates the study of certain processes. Microfluidic systems enable much greater control over the entire fluid motion process, reactions, and even separations.